Reunir a los principales empresarios y líderes empresariales del mundo para fomentar la innovación, el crecimiento económico sostenible y el intercambio de experiencias a escala mundial.
Acerca de la Asociación
La International Business and Finance Association es una organización internacional sin ánimo de lucro creada en 2017. Reúne a líderes y empresarios de éxito de diversos sectores empresariales para desarrollar alianzas, compartir experiencias y apoyar el crecimiento económico mundial.
Association brings together leaders who adhere to clear principles: professionalism, experience, responsibility, and an environmentally conscious approach to business. Only those who share these principles and meet high standards can join our community. Membership in the Association is a recognition of business reputation, expertise, and willingness to act for the benefit of a common goal.
Desde 2017, reunimos a líderes reconocidos en sus respectivos sectores, formando una potente plataforma internacional para compartir experiencias, apoyar y abordar conjuntamente los retos estratégicos a los que se enfrenta el entorno empresarial mundial. Creamos un entorno en el que nacen ideas, se forman alianzas y se implementan soluciones que pueden cambiar el futuro.
Nuestra misión
Impulsar la innovación en las empresas, inspirar a los empresarios para que se desarrollen y prestarles apoyo para que vayan un paso por delante.
Privilegios de participación en la Asociación:
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Consultas gratuitas.
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Podrá recibir gratuitamente información y asesoramiento de los expertos de la Asociación.
3
Participación en eventos.
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Tendrá la oportunidad de participar en actos organizados por la Asociación, de forma gratuita o con descuentos.
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Recibir ayuda.
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Todos los miembros tienen la oportunidad de utilizar la infraestructura y los recursos de información de la Asociación para llevar a cabo sus actividades.
News
The Impact of Tariffs on Chinese Electric Vehicles: A New Phase of European-Chinese Relations
As of March 2025, the European Union has not imposed any new tariffs on Chinese electric
vehicles, other than those introduced in October 2024. However, these tariffs continue to
affect the EV market in Europe and have various effects.
Impact on sales and production: In February 2025, sales of electric vehicles in China were up
76% year-on-year, while Europe saw a 19% increase. However, some Chinese brands, such
as MG, experienced a decline in sales in Europe due to new tariffs. At the same time, BYD
continues to strengthen its position in the European market, despite the imposed duties.
Manufacturers' response: Several automakers, including Tesla and BMW, have filed lawsuits
against the European Commission challenging the tariffs imposed on electric vehicles
manufactured in China. They claim that these duties restrict competition and negatively
affect their business in Europe.
Negotiations between the EU and China: China and the European Union agreed to resume
negotiations on tariffs on electric vehicles. The goal of these negotiations is to create a
favorable environment for investment and cooperation between Chinese and European
companies.
Conclusion: Although new tariffs on Chinese electric vehicles were not introduced in March
2025, the previously imposed duties continue to affect the market, causing changes in
manufacturers' strategies and stimulating negotiations between the EU and China to resolve
trade disputes.
US, China, Russia: how major players are changing global economic forecasts
The International Monetary Fund has released an updated review in which it has improved
its assessment of global economic growth. In 2023, global growth was 3.1%, 0.1 percentage
points higher than previously estimated. A similar figure of 3.1% is forecast for 2024, which
is 0.2 percentage points higher than the previous forecast. For 2025, the expected growth is
3.2%.
What's behind the update:
The main reason for the improved forecast is the higher-than-expected economic resilience
of the United States, as well as positive results in emerging markets. Government support
for the economy in China also played a significant role.
Details on key countries:
– USA: GDP is expected to grow by 2.1% in 2024, driven by lower inflation and strong
consumption.
– China: The economic growth forecast for 2024 has been raised to 4.6%, partly due to
government stimulus measures.
– Russia: The IMF has significantly increased its estimate of GDP growth in 2024 to 2.6%
(previously 1.1%). This is due to high spending on the defense industry and strong domestic
demand, supported by rising wages amid a labor shortage.
Inflationary trends:
Global inflation is projected to continue to decline to 5.8% in 2024 and 4.4% in 2025. The
IMF expects that macroeconomic policy will gradually shift toward easing, as the threat of a
“hard landing” in the economy is now diminishing.
The main task for politicians:
The IMF believes that the priority for the near future is to maintain the course of finally
reducing inflation to its target, while adjusting monetary policy without creating additional
shocks to the economy.
Vulnerability of digital infrastructure: CrowdStrike and the global disruption of 2024
On July 19, 2024, cybersecurity company CrowdStrike released an update to its Falcon
Sensor software that caused massive disruptions to computers running the Microsoft
Windows operating system. As a result, about 8.5 million systems went down, causing
significant disruption to businesses and government agencies around the world.
The main consequences of the failure:
– Aviation and transportation: Airports experienced significant disruption, leading to flight
cancellations and delays.
– Financial sector: Banks and ATMs were out of service, limiting customers' access to
financial services.
– Healthcare: Hospitals and medical institutions faced interruptions in the operation of
electronic systems, which complicated the provision of medical services.
– Industry: Manufacturing companies stopped working due to the failure of computer
systems.
Although CrowdStrike quickly identified the problem and released a patch, many systems
required manual intervention to recover, which extended downtime. The total financial loss
from the incident is estimated to be at least USD 10 billion.
The incident highlighted the importance of thoroughly testing software updates and the
need for robust crisis response plans.
“Global trade in 2024: a new era of tariffs and geo-economic tensions”
In 2024, the global economy has undergone significant changes, especially in the context of
trade relations between the European Union (EU), the United States of America (US) and
China. The main developments include:
US-China trade relations:
– Tariff increases: In May 2024, President Joe Biden's administration increased tariffs on
Chinese goods, including electric vehicles, solar panels, steel, and aluminum. Tariffs on
electric vehicles increased to 100%, on solar panels to 50%, and on steel and aluminum to
25%.
– China's response: China retaliated by imposing its own tariffs on U.S. goods and restricting
exports of critical rare earths, which are key to electronics manufacturing.
EU-China relations:
– Tariffs on electric vehicles: In June 2024, the EU imposed tariffs on imports of Chinese
electric vehicles, which caused tensions between Brussels and Beijing.
– Subsidy investigations: In March 2025, the European Commission initiated an investigation
into the possible receipt of unfair government subsidies by the Chinese automaker BYD,
which could distort competition in the European market.
Economic indicators and forecasts:
– US trade deficit: In 2024, the US trade deficit with China amounted to $295.4 billion, up
5.8% from 2023. The deficit with the EU also increased by 12.9%, reaching $235.6 billion.
– EU economic growth: Real GDP growth in the EU is projected at 0.9% in 2024, with an
expected increase to 1.5% in 2025.
“Three continents, one challenge: how the US, Europe and China are shaping the economic landscape in 2023”
In 2023, the global economy faced a number of challenges that increased the risk of a
global recession. According to a World Bank study, the simultaneous increase in interest
rates by central banks to fight inflation could have brought the world closer to recession and
triggered financial crises in developing countries.
Regional challenges:
– United States: Aggressive interest rate hikes by the Federal Reserve to curb inflation have
raised fears of a possible downturn in the US economy.
– Europe: The energy crisis caused by geopolitical tensions has led to higher energy prices
and inflation in the euro area. In October 2022, inflation in Germany reached 11.7%, the
highest level since 1951.
– China: The slowdown in economic growth due to problems in the real estate market and
the effects of the “zero COVID” policy have raised concerns about the stability of the world's
second largest economy.
Forecasts and estimates:
In December 2022, the Center for Economic and Business Research (CEBR) predicted that
the global economy would face a recession in 2023. At the same time, some analysts
believed that a global recession could be avoided, but the world would likely experience
significantly lower growth rates of about 2.1% in 2023.
“Lessons from the 2022 crisis: what businesses and investors should know”
In 2022, the global economy faced a number of challenges that had a significant impact on
business and financial markets:
Slowdown in economic growth: According to the International Monetary Fund (IMF), global
growth slowed from 6.0% in 2021 to 3.2% in 2022. This was due to factors such as rising
inflation, tightening financial conditions, and geopolitical tensions.
Rising inflation: Inflation reached record levels in many countries. For example, in the euro
area, inflation reached 8.1% in May 2022, the highest rate since the eurozone was created.
This was caused by rising energy and food prices.
Fears of a recession: The World Bank warned in September 2022 that simultaneous interest
rate hikes by central banks to fight inflation could bring the world closer to a global
recession in 2023.
Falling stock markets: In 2022, many stock indices suffered significant losses. For example,
the S&P 500 index fell by 19% for the year, the worst result since 2008.
Impact on developed and emerging markets: Emerging market economies have been under
particular pressure from rising borrowing costs and capital outflows, which have
complicated their efforts to recover from the COVID-19 pandemic.
These developments have highlighted the importance of businesses and financial
institutions adapting to rapidly changing economic conditions and the need to develop
strategies to mitigate risks associated with inflation, geopolitical tensions, and potential
recession.
“Economic reset: how the world adapted in 2021”
In 2021, the global economy underwent significant changes caused by the effects of the
COVID-19 pandemic and other factors. Here are the main business and financial
developments of the year:
Economic growth:
– According to the World Bank, global growth accelerated to 5.6% in 2021, driven mainly by
strong recoveries in major economies such as the United States and China.
Inflation:
– In the second half of 2021, many countries faced a significant increase in inflation, partly
caused by pandemic disruptions and an increase in the money supply.
Risks of stagflation:
– The World Bank has warned of a growing risk of stagflation due to a sharp slowdown in
growth and rising inflation.
Stock markets:
– Stock markets showed volatility due to concerns about inflation and economic recovery.
For example, UK retail sales unexpectedly fell by 0.9% in August 2021, indicating a shift in
consumer spending.
Evergreen crisis:
– In August 2021, Chinese real estate developer Evergrande faced a liquidity crisis with over
$300 billion in debt, raising concerns about the stability of the Chinese real estate market
and the potential impact on the global economy.
These developments highlight the complexity and interconnectedness of the factors
affecting the global economy in 2021 and the importance of businesses and financial
institutions adapting to rapidly changing conditions.
“Financial markers for 2019: weak growth, debt and negative rates”
In 2019, the global economy faced a number of challenges and events that had a significant
impact on business and financial markets. Here are the main ones:
Slowdown in global economic growth: The International Monetary Fund (IMF) lowered its
global economic growth forecast for 2019 to 3.3%, down from its previous estimate of 3.5%.
This was due to factors such as trade tensions and geopolitical risks.
Trade war between the US and China: During the year, tensions between the US and China
continued, leading to the introduction of reciprocal tariffs on goods. This resulted in a
slowdown in global economic growth and a decline in investment activity.
Growth of corporate debt: Global corporate debt increased to 92% of gross world product,
which amounted to about $72 trillion. This raised concerns about financial stability, as much
of this debt was concentrated in companies with low credit ratings.
Negative interest rates: In 2019, the volume of bonds with negative yields reached a record
$17 trillion, reflecting strong demand for safe assets and concerns about future economic
growth.
Political instability and its impact on the economy: Political instability in various regions,
including the protests in Hong Kong, the crisis in Argentina, and Brexit tensions, contributed
to increased uncertainty in financial markets and affected investment decisions.
These developments highlight the complexity and interconnectedness of the factors
affecting the global economy in 2019 and the importance of businesses and financial
institutions adapting to a rapidly changing environment.
“2018: A year of economic growth and global challenges”
In 2018, the global economy faced a number of significant business and financial events:
Economic growth: According to the World Bank's forecasts, global growth in 2018 was
expected to reach 3.1%, indicating a steady recovery from the financial crisis.
Trade tensions: The United States initiated tariffs on steel and aluminum imports, which led
to retaliatory measures by China and other countries. This increased fears of a possible
global trade conflict.
Stock market volatility: Stock markets experienced significant fluctuations, in particular due
to fears of trade wars and rising interest rates. The Dow Jones Industrial Average and the
S&P 500 showed a decline of about 10% for the year.
Chinese economy: China faced a slowdown in economic growth, partly due to trade tensions
with the US, which affected global supply chains and investment.
These events highlighted the complexity and interconnectedness of the global economy, as
well as the importance of international cooperation to maintain stability and growth.
“A year of growth: how the global economy gained momentum in 2017”
In 2017, the global economy showed signs of synchronized recovery, although certain risks
and challenges remained.
Economic growth: The International Monetary Fund (IMF) forecasted global economic
growth of 3.6% in 2017, indicating an increase in economic activity compared to the
previous year.
Improvements in the Eurozone: The eurozone economy showed positive trends: 14
consecutive quarters of growth, a decline in the unemployment rate to single digits, and the
highest level of economic expectations in six years.
Stock market growth: Global equity markets grew significantly, with the MSCI index, which
covers exchanges in 47 countries, rising 22%, adding almost $9 trillion.
Risks and challenges: Despite the positive trends, there were concerns about rising
corporate debt levels, especially in China, where the loan-to-GDP ratio exceeded the long-
term trend by 25%.
Thus, 2017 was marked by a synchronized recovery of the global economy, although certain
risks related to debt and geopolitical factors remained..